von Mises yield criterion - Wikipedia
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Mises_yield_criterion
In continuum mechanics, the maximum distortion energy criterion (also von Mises yield criterion ) states that yielding of a ductile material begins when the second invariant of deviatoric stress reaches a critical value. It is a part of plasticity theory that mostly applies to ductile materials, such as some metals. Prior to yield, material response can be assumed to be of a nonlinear elastic, viscoelastic, or linear elastic behavior.
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