United States Army branch insignia - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army_branch_insignia
History. The first use of Army branch insignia was just prior to the American Civil War in 1858 for use on the black felt hat. A system of branch colors, indicated by piping on uniforms of foot soldiers and lace for mounted troops, was first authorized in the 1851 uniform regulations, with Prussian blue denoting infantry, scarlet for artillery, orange for dragoons, green for mounted rifles ...
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